Reason for selecting MPU for the particular design instead of MCU

 In certain embedded system designs, the use of a Microprocessor Unit (MPU) may be preferred over a Microcontroller Unit (MCU) based on specific requirements and design considerations. Using an MPU (Microprocessor Unit) instead of an MCU (Microcontroller Unit) for a particular design depends on the specific requirements and complexity of the application. Both MPUs and MCUs serve as processing units, but they have different characteristics that make them suitable for different types of designs.

Microcontroller Unit (MCU):

• An MCU is a single chip that integrates a microprocessor, memory (both program memory and data memory), and peripherals (I/O interfaces, timers, ADC, etc.) on a single package.
• MCUs are typically designed for embedded systems that require a compact and cost-effective solution with low power consumption.
• They are well-suited for applications with moderate processing requirements and limited external memory and peripheral needs.
• MCUs are commonly used in devices like microcontrollers for household appliances, sensors, IoT devices, and other simple control applications.

Microprocessor Unit (MPU):

• An MPU is a general-purpose processor that lacks built-in memory and peripherals found in an MCU.
• MPUs require external components such as RAM, Flash memory, and peripheral chips to create a complete system.
• MPUs are designed for more complex applications that demand higher processing power, larger memory requirements, and extensive peripheral interfacing capabilities.
• They are used in applications like high-end industrial automation, robotics, complex multimedia processing, automotive infotainment systems, and other computationally intensive tasks.

Reasons for choosing an MPU over an MCU:

Processing Power:

 If your application requires significant computational power and runs complex algorithms or handles multimedia processing, an MPU may be a better choice due to its higher processing capability.

Memory and Storage: 

MPUs can support larger external memory, making them suitable for applications with extensive data storage and processing requirements.

Peripheral Interfaces: 

Some applications may require more advanced or a higher number of peripherals than what a standard MCU can offer. MPUs allow more flexibility in interfacing with various external devices.

Operating System Support: 

If your design needs a full-fledged operating system like Linux or Windows, an MPU is a better choice as it can handle multitasking and higher-level software components.

Customization and Flexibility:

 With an MPU, you have more freedom to tailor the system to your specific needs by choosing the appropriate external memory, peripherals, and components.

Upgradability: 

MPUs often have a longer lifecycle and are more readily upgradable as technology advances, allowing for future-proofing and extended product longevity.

Summary 

However, using an MPU comes with its trade-offs, such as increased complexity, higher cost, and potentially higher power consumption compared to MCUs. The choice between MPU and MCU should be based on a careful evaluation of the specific requirements and constraints of your design.